Nigerias brain drain problem the pointer news online. Bbc news sciencenature addressing nigerias brain drain. Effect of brain drain to africa this twentyfirst century. The main causes of brain drain in developing countries. It is the citizens participation in the wellbeing of the country that drives the country forw. Brain drain is the migration of skilled human resources for trade, education, etc. Now that you have seen the various causes of brain drain in nigeria, i will clearly explain the divergent effects of brain drain in nigeria, if nothing is done by the nigerian government to drastically reduce it increase. Notwithstanding the legitimacy or otherwise of the causes of brain drain the fact is, brain drain is causing incalculable damage to nigeria and other developing nations. The brain drain from developing countries the brain drain produces many more losers than winners in developing countries keywords. The effects of brain drain in nigerias health sector are devastating. The push factors are those aspects, which force people to think about leaving his normal place of abode or move from their native country to neighbouring countries or for more distant places like united kingdom or usa. Above a certain level, brain drain reduces the stock of human capital and induces occupational distortions. The medical brain drain, which exacerbates the shortage of mds, indirectly causes adverse effects on all health outcomes especially maternal and child health. Understanding brain drain in nigerian universities lund university.
The brain drain is measured by the migration rates of iranian nationals to the us with tertiary education, including physicians and professors. The viewscontents expressed in this article are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not neccessarily reflect those of modern ghana. Analysis and assessment of the brain drain phenomenon. Most lecturers have a good brain, but the environment to express this knowledge is not there, she told me. The causes of brain drain in nigeria studies indicate that the nigerian braindrain is the product of internal and external factors working simultaneously to push nigerians out of their country and pull them into developed nations. Over the past 1015 years, about 50% of ethiopians who went abroad for training did not return after. Point of view, an examination of the causes of brain drain in nigerian universities. What makes it so painful is the fact that most of those leaving the country were trained on scholarship. This perennial situation made the study to examine the factors. Nigeria in particular is a victim of brain drain, a problem the government is yet to acknowledge until its squabbling politicians wake up to the fact that this world is a global village where every serious nation attracts the best of brain from all corners of the world. In other words, the bretton woods policies of economic survival adopted by the nigerian military government in power in the early 80s are culpable for the brain drain conundrum. The brain drain from developing countries a brain drain can also have benefits for home countries. The brain drain problem refers to the situation where a country loses its best workers. The reason is that these countries are believed to be.
Nigeria has been adjudged a top emigration country on account of the continuous efflux of its human resources to all parts of the world. African brain drain and its impact on source countries. Figure 1 shows trends in kenyas share of african immigrants to the united taets from 1973. The economic depression of the late 80s has made work force groups particularly in the medical industry to look beyond their nose and seek for greener pasture somewhere outside their environ at all cost. In all, the brain drain phenomenon has been a pain in the neck of most developing countries, including nigeria. The viewscontents expressed in this article are the sole responsibility of and do not necessarily reflect those of the nigerian voice. Understanding the escalation of brain drain in nigeria from poor leadership point of view. Brain drain is also simply described as human capital flight. The essay above on causes of brain drain in developing countries is among the many you will find online at best essay writing services. You waste your time, resources and efforts schooling such as going through the rigors of let say medical school, only for someone to refuse paying you salary, frustrate your effort, lack o. Understanding the braindrain in the african diaspora. Torbat in this article, the underlying forces and the extent of brain drain from iran to the united states are studied.
Ipinyomi, university of ilorin, nigeria by brain drain we are referring to an international transfer of resources in the form of human capital that is not recorded in any official balance of payments statistics. When nigeria won the africa cup of nations, she tried to sing along to the nigerian national anthem, quickly realizing that she didnt know the words, but resolving to work harder to honor her african roots. Reproduction is authorised provided the authors permission is granted. Some main types of brain drain are brain gain, brain circulation, brain waste etc. Presentation about brain drain causes and solutions for buet english lab slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
Abstract according to oxford advanced learners dictionary brain drain is the movement of highly skilled and qualified people to a country where they can work in better conditions and earn more money. Brain drain and national development in nigeria abstract the thrust of this work is the evaluation of the expropriation of nigerias vital human resources through the brain drain and its implications for its overall development. But when we discussed her decision to join the brain drain, we were evidently entering painful territory. This work studies brain drain, its causes and relationship with economic growth in nigeria. This email address is being protected from spambots. African countries like nigeria, ethiopia, and kenya. One conspicuous example is its inability to meet up with the healthrelated aspects of the millennium development goals mdgs scheduled to lapse this year. Longterm economic growth cannot be achieved without people with. The analysis starts with a simple decomposition of the brain drain in two. The case of eritrea article pdf available in international migration 483. When we look at the greatest resources of every nation, it is the human resource of the country.
Pdf the effect of brain drain on the economic development of. South africas rain drain the medical brain drain that has stripped south africa of efficiency in running its public hospitals is continuing at a huge annual cost to south africa. The remainder of the paper is organized as follows. They are leaving the country due to poor working conditions that include poor pay package and job insecurity, among others. Brain drain causes and solutions linkedin slideshare. Causes of brain drain the major causes of brain drain can be looked into as pull and push factors.
A study of factors influencing brain drain among medical. Causes of brain drain push factors pull factors low and eroding wages and salaries. Causes of migration and the brain drain complex push and pull factors determine the severity of the brain drain and migration for any particular country in africa. Understanding the escalation of brain drain in nigeria. In some states, the situation will draw a tear from eyes that understand the situation. If no people is working in the area where we are working then it also becomes problem so because of it people started migrating to other companies. To put an end to brain drain in the health sector, the nigerian government has been advised to provide more funds, emoluments and incentives for medical practitioners. What is the effect of brain drain in nigeria economy. Understanding the escalation of brain drain in nigeria from poor leadership. This economic situation deeply affected the medical groups that migration became the chorus of the medical personnel. Kevin idehen recently completed an mba 09 at the london south bank university and his dissertation topic was.
One of the reasons is lack of renumeration for hard work. The next section situates brain drain within nigerias context. We first assess the magnitude, intensity and determinants of the brain drain, showing that. Brain drain in developing countries frederic docquier, olivier lohest, and abdeslam marfouk an original data set on international migration by educational attainment for 1990 and 2000 is used to analyze the determinants of brain drain from developing countries.
Seeking employment sometimes the job we want becomes very difficult to find. The future of nigerias health system is precarious in view of the huge challenges this single problem of brain drain contributes to the nations health sector. Pull factors such as good security and better economic and social opportunities in countries that attract skilled people have essentially the same effect on skilled persons in all of. Nigerias first president, and kwame nkrumah, ghanas first president, studied in the us, and hence at some time were counted in the snapshot of the brain drain, but returned to be instrumental in their respective countrys. Understanding the escalation of brain drain in nigeria from poor. Leaving nigeria was a difficult decision but she argues that the lack of funding for science there left her with little choice. Linkpage citation any problem that exists within a health care system cannot be tackled without adequate staff, and indeed, no health care system can exist without a workforce to staff it. Ethiopia ranked first in the continent in terms of rate of loss of human capital, followed by nigeria and ghana. Causes and solutions to intellectual brain drain in.
Since other regions had a larger brain drain, the skill gap between africa and the rest would actually be larger in a counterfactual world of no brain drain with the same amount of skill creation. If the ideals of united nations are honestly pursued, the issue of brain drain should attract their attention even at the security council level. Introduction the purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with an indepth analysis of the brain drain phenomenon and its implications for caribbean countries. Brain drain and the economic development of home countries are two interdependent processes. There are many factors which cause brain drain from the less developing countries to the highly developed countries. Is there any solution to the brain drain of health. The causes of brain drain in nigeria include poor leadership of the country, poor salary and condition of service, mass unemployment, mass poverty etc and effects of brain drain in nigeria include, backwardness of the nation in the comity of nations, shortage of manpower to mount various institutions in the country, loss of tax of migrated.
The aim of this paper is to highlight causes and solutions to intellectual brain drain in pakistan. Among asian countries, india continues its trend of top the list of immigrant scientists and engineers to the us, says the latest report, adding that with 950000 indians out of asias total of 2. In section 3 we describe existing evidence on the impact of brain drain on source countries. Brain drain is defined as the migration of skilled human resources in search of the better standard of living and quality of life, attractive salaries, worldclass education, opportunities for career advancement, access to advanced technology and more stable political conditions in different places worldwide sunita dodani and ronald e laporte, 2005.
Causes of brain drain the causes of hard brain drain box 1 have been described by many authors 1,6,7. Escalation of brain drain in nigeria from poor leadership point of view, aliyu 2005 titled an examination of the causes of brain drain in nigerian universities, okolo et al 2014 titledeffect of brain drain of librarians on service delivery in some selected nigerian. Pdf causes, challenges and prospects of brain drain. Abstract brain drain is the cynosure of all the eyes due to high outflow of qualified and skilled workers from pakistan. The medical brain drain, which exacerbates the shortage of mds, indirectly causes adverse effects on all health outcomes. Modern ghana will not be responsible or liable for any inaccurate or incorrect statements contained in this article. Today, i present some of the key statistics that draw attention and bring alarm bells to india.
Causes of increased brain drain in developing countries. In nigeria, several challenges have been reported within the health sector, especially in training, funding, employment, and deployment of the health workforce. Brain drain can be described as the process in which a country loses its most educated and talented workers to other countries through migration. The regional, national and global flow of migrates are increasing every second. Brain drain of india some statistics sar publisher. Iza world of labor the brain drain from developing countries. The aim of this paper, with some models illustrating the subject matter, is to explore the nature and effects of brain drain on african development and ultimately pinpoint possible positive. Nearly all participants, 94% 17 out of 18, confirmed that a shortage of nigerian medical doctors living and working throughout nigeria exists acknowledging a medical brain drain impacting nigerias hcs. Pdf understanding the escalation of brain drain in nigeria from. One of the major causes of brain drain is the growing frustration among the youth and the nonavailability of opportunities in the existing social setup. If you need assistance in writing essays term papers and other academic research at college or university level get in touch with us and we will help you.
First, a brain drain affects development, and its effect becomes unambiguously negative. Brain drain and the development in nigeria research. Pdf international remittances and brain drain in ghana. The aim of this chapter is to present an overview of the african brain drain in terms of causes, costs, and consequences. Also from the study, twelve causes of brain drain were indentified. The brain drain from iran to the united states akbar e. For example, skilled workers in developing countries such as india or pakistan may be attracted by better rates of pay and working conditions in developed countries, such as the us and western europe. Causes of brain drain and possible solutions nigeria news.
Nigerian doctors proffer solutions to brain drain in. Causes and effects of brain drain in nigeria research cyber. The phenomenon refers to the departure of highly skilled individuals from organizations, industries, and. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. It is the major indicator of the future of the country. Causes and solutions to intellectual brain drain in pakistan nadia sajjad. Alongside positive feedback effects from remittances, circular migration, and the participation of highskilled migrants in business networks, innovation, and transfers of.
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